#1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

#1 - Essay Example As such, the seven sins as provided by Brown are applicable in describing the nature of man and the character that may dwell in him if controlled by them. Besides, Brown names seven virtues which are cardinals to human living. These, he relates to faith, hope charity, prudence, justice, fortitude and temperance. The temperance of a person determines the ability to take charge and respond to a situation properly and whether hot or cold, it must be controlled. By virtue, man lives by faith and hope, it is what keeps him going and living. In the event of acquiring more wealth, it is good to be helpful and have mercy to others. This is a true virtue of charity (Olsson, pg.80). The traits provided are guidelines to what human character should be based on. Like Mahatma Gandhi wrote, knowledge without character and science without humanity could be among the blunders that cause violence. It is also true to note that a society lacking the necessary virtues and possesses by the described sins may be a plagued

Free Public Transportation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Free Public Transportation - Essay Example As a preliminary matter, the public is turning to public transportation as an alternative to private transportation. As noted by the American Public Transportation Organization, "Steady increases in transit investment have dramatically improved and expanded public transportation services, attracting record numbers of riders on state-of-the-art systems in metropolitan, small urban and rural areas alike" (2008: n.p.). These are fee-based public transportation systems, but the data demonstrates that extraordinarily large numbers of the public are choosing public transportation and that this trend applies equally in both heavily and less populated areas. The demand, in short, is both strong and demographically diverse. In addition, the data has linked a number of benefits to public transportation. For instance, there has been "improved mobility, safety, security, economic opportunity and environmental quality" where public transportation systems have been implemented (The Benefits of Public Transportation, 2008: n.p.). These benefits do not apply only to a narrow segment of the population; quite the contrary, they benefit individual workers, families, businesses, governmental units, and even national goals such as energy conservation and the health and security of citizens.

A Look At British History History Essay

A Look At British History History Essay It was a turbulent century in British history. A brief study of the era of 1550 to 1650 clearly illustrates why. This was a period of invention, scientific advancement and astrological discoveries, yet it remained filled with supernatural notions, superstition, mythology and plain ignorance. During this era, Britain embarked on an age of great world exploration and mighty conquests while fighting bloody wars of religion, class and political dominance at home. This century was marked by a great rebirth of the arts in which intellectuals and artists flourished in Britain, yet it was also a time of strife, hardship, disease and hunger. It was during this chaotic era that Britain came to be known as the center of Western civilization under the humane and rational rule of Queen Elizabeth I (World). It was also during this time that the poet and playwright William Shakespeare lived, worked and wrote some of historys most remarkable literary works having been influenced by and having drawn upon the social thought, religious conviction and political landscape of this tumultuous era (World). Prior to and during the time of Queen Elizabeth and the time of the Renaissance, Britain was a breeding ground for religious and political unrest. Beginning in 1531, the countrys official religion changed five times in accordance with the choice of the King or Queen who was in power at the time (Elizabethan). Since most of the English common people believed that Kings and Queens were directly connected to God and must be obeyed at all times, the monarchs chosen religion was also followed by most of the monarchs subjects (Time). Britains official religion was Catholic until 1531, then it was Protestant until Queen Mary took the throne after which it became Catholic again and then back to Protestant during Queen Elizabeths reign (Time). Each change in power led to a change in the nations official religion which, in turn, led to persecution of the non-ruling religious group. The political thinking during this period was controlled by a small number of powerful ruling families and jealou sies and rivalries within these families made these political conflicts even more severe (Time). During this era, England was a leader in world exploration and soon became a major commercial power. It was also a time of advancements in technology and invention. All of the unrest and uncertainty, however, left the common people feeling discontent and afraid of the many changes that were happening to their nation. The era in British history between 1550 to 1650 during the time that Queen Elizabeth held the throne has been characterized by British people as one of the best epochs the country ever had (World). While it is true that during her time in power Queen Elizabeth calmed religious unrest, established Britain as a leading world power and ushered in the age of the Renaissance or rebirth of new ideas and new thinking, the life of ordinary citizen was harsh. The majority of the population, referred to as common people, lived short lives filled with hard labor, little food, no schooling, rampant disease, poverty, violence, crime, high infant mortality and inequality between men and women (Time). In cities, life was particularly filthy, brutal and short. There was no running water in homes and so most people were dirty and smelly. Human and animal waste was thrown out directly onto the streets (Time). These unclean conditions formed a breeding ground for the spread of diseases such as typhus, bubonic plague, tuberculosis and influenza (Time). Rogues and vagabonds roamed the roads begging and stealing (Time). Riots were common and could turn violent. Such harsh conditions at home were one of the reasons that many British common people chose to travel to the colonies in the New World in search of a better way of life. It is, therefore, no surprise that entertainment was extremely important to the common people. Even the poorest of the people enjoyed entertainment from acting troupes, dancing, jugglers, strolling players, and plays. Theatre was especially popular with the common people and it was inexpensive to attend (Tudor). It was during this time that open air playhouses first came to be in the cities of Britain, including the Rose, the Swan, and the Globe Theatre in London which was owned, in part, by Shakespeare (Tudor). William Shakespeare fed upon the atmosphere and the feelings occurring during this turbulent era of British history and he used them extensively in his plays and other literary works. One such example is a speech by a character named John of Guant in Shakespeares 1601 play, Richard II, expressing his love for England and his concerns about the countrys future (Time). All of the major events, people, places and problems of this era, including class structure, religious discont ent, fate, rebellion against authority and prominent figures of the time, influenced Shakespeare and provided inspiration and background for his literary works (Who). In his plays, Shakespeare chose to write about many of the periods topics of conversation and disagreement, including classical Greek and Roman tales, superstition, love, revenge and rebellion. The works of playwrights such as Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe contributed to Londons eventual rise as a center of culture and art. Their contributions to this time period will forever mark the social, religious and political thinking of the time and illustrate the conflicts that made the era of 1550 to1650 one of the most turbulent eras in British history. Works Cited Elizabethan Period. ELIZABETHAN ERA. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. . Time Travellers Guide to Tudor England. Channel 4. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. . The Tudor Church. UK Travel and Heritage Britain Express UK Travel Guide. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. . Who Was around in 1550 to 1650 in Great Britain? WikiAnswers The QA Wiki. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. . World History of 1550 to 1650. 2020 Site Wedding Invitation Wording, Family Crests, Trees and Other Eclectic Information at 2020. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. .

Hypnosis :: essays research papers

Hypnosis The British Medical Association and the American Medical Association has called it "a temporary condition of altered attention in the subject that may be induced by another person," (Compton's Multimedia Encyclopedia) but there is still much about hypnosis that is not understood. Because it resembles normal sleep, it was studied and was found that the brain waves of hypnotized people are more similar to the patterns of deep relaxation than anything else. Rather than a psychic or mystical idea, hypnosis is now looked upon as a form of highly focused concentration in which outside influences are ignored. The most known feature of the hypnotic trance is that hypnotized person becomes easily influenced by the suggestions others-usually the hypnotist. They retain their abilities to act and are able to walk, talk, speak, and respond to questions; but their perceptions can be altered or distorted by external suggestions. At the command of the hypnotist, subjects may lose all feeling in a place on the body, and any kind of pain will not cause them any pain. The heartbeat can be slowed or quickened, and a rise in temperature and perspiration can be created. They can be commanded to experience visual or auditory hallucinations or live the past as if it were the present. Also, recently a scientist discovered that the way the subject's mind experiences time can be altered so that hours or even weeks can pass in second, from the subjects point of view. Subjects may forget part or all of the hypnotic experience or recall things that they had forgotten. The hypnotist may also make "posthypnotic suggestions" that are instructions to the subject to respond to a something after awakening. For example, the hypnotist might suggest that, after the subject wakes up he will have an urge to remove his left shoe, and the more the subject resists, the greater the urge to remove it will be, and once it is removed the urge leaves. These suggestions are sometimes used by specialists to repress or suggest away symptoms in a patient such as anxiety, itching, or headaches. Hypnosis is produced essentially by creating a deep relaxation and focused concentration in the subject. They then become mostly unresponsive to ordinary forms of stimulation, and although they are sometimes told to sleep, they are also told to listen and be ready to respond to commands made by the hypnotist. The word sleep is used in hypnosis not to induce actual sleep, but in practice it is understood that sleep is simply the hypnotic trance. The prefix hypno- is named after the Greek god Hypno which means "sleep.

Test Questions: Hispanic and Latino American Diversity

Many of the immigrants made their move based on what they perceived to be better economic opportunities in the US during the sass's. Perceived economic opportunities escalated the northward movement in the asses. These groups had been classified as non-whites in the ass's and since the mid ass's many of the immigrants have made their migration based on civil unrest in their homelands. Immigrants from Central and South America have increased in numbers rapidly since he sass's and have even outnumbered the Mexicans that have migrated. WOW) Although economic opportunities is the main reason for the migration of so many central and south Americans, the fighting and unrest is an equal motivator for these people, as the demographic ranges from peasants to wealthy individuals. In America there was a conscious effort to degrade and cheapen the Spanish language. The school systems were allowed to continue to discourage the use of Spanish in classrooms by Spanish speaking children. This was do ne systematically by separating the Spanish children from the White children. There was an initiative to place Spanish students in Mexican schools to keep White children separated from them.This was known as the De Cure school segregation. These Mexican schools were severely under capitalized. In 1970, the U. S. Supreme Court ruled, in Concerns v. Corpus Christi Independent School District, in favor of Concerns. This was a major win for the long term war because the Supreme Court deemed that the De Cure segregation was unconstitutional. However, for the short term battle, this ruling did little for the immediate treatment of the Spanish students in Florida, New York and he Southwest, children who spoke Spanish at school were punished, given detention, fined and even expelled from school.There were various stages of Cuban migration to the United States which started AC n EYE ruling ten revolution. I nerve were tenure major large migrations Into ten US through the US. The first round of immigrants to the tune of 200,000 Cubans made their move after Castor's assumption of power, that first group of immigrants stopped when the missile crisis in October 1962, at this time all legal talks were at a stalemate. AC Immigration started up again in 1965 after Cuba and The US came to a round of dual agreements, which is known as Freedom Flights, which involved charter flights from Havana to Miami.More than 340,000 refugees made their migration to the United States between 1965 and 1973. The majority of these people settled in Miami. The third major and most controversial migration took place in 1980, The Maries boatload. More than 124,000 refugees escaped from Cuba. These Cubans fled political and economic oppression when arriving into the United States, these people were very poor and Castro made his political points by punishing the people, rationing food on a monthly basis and wrongly imprisoning people.

How Globalization Can Affect International Business Essay

In today’s ever globalizing economy, global managers must utilize specific skills in order to navigate and overcome the cross-cultural situations which affect international business practices. Dependant upon the situation, both native and expatriate managers can be qualified to handle these cross-cultural challenges. There are a plethora of cultural differences that can have an affect on how business is done internationally. These differences can be any number of actions that we take for granted when interacting in one’s own culture. Every culture has deep structures built upon religious, social and ethical values which will influence the way in which another will reason and react as well as how they will listen or what they will expect from us (Burnam 1998). An example of a cultural difference that could affect international business is the misinterpretation of hand gestures. In the United States the â€Å"thumbs up† hand gesture is a common sign relaying a positive meaning usually meant to convey the message â€Å"good† or â€Å"OK†. This is different than in the Arab culture where the same hand signal is the equivalent to one of our more negative hand gestures here in the United States. Therefore using this signal with someone from an Arab culture would most certainly not produce the desired positive effect but rather a negative one. One skill a manager could develop to combat the ignorance of another culture with whom he is doing business with is to immerse himself into that culture and learn their customs through observation and interaction, becoming aware of how to adapt to the situation. This developed ability to observe and adapt would no doubt aid a manager in future cross-culture settings. This type of adaptation is evident in Cassandra Hayes’ article â€Å"The Intrigue of International Assignments†. One of Hayes’ subjects in the article, J. Eric Wright, describes how by immersing himself into the South African culture, he was able to learn through observation one of the local customs concerning respect for elders, which was detrimental to his success while there (Hayes 1996). This communication hurdle is better suited for a native manager as they already possess the knowledge of the local customs, traditions and social norms. They would be better equipped to handle challenges in which  proper and appropriate communication are paramount to an organizations success. Another example of a cross-cultural conflict is the overstepping of boundaries involving another culture’s code of etiquette. The social interactions we take for granted in our own culture may be considered rude or out of line in another culture. Hayes’ article also touches upon a situation relevant to this. Another of Hayes’ subjects, Belinda Miller, received a shocking reaction from an employee after giving advice. Miller was transplanted in China and received a first class education in cross-cultural differences and how they could affect working with someone from another culture. After greatly upsetting her employee by offering criticism in a direct manner, Miller learned that this situation was very different than dealing with an American employee and that advice or criticism must be subtly given in this culture. Having awareness and being culturally sensitive are extremely pertinent to an overseas assignment (Hayes 1996). Again in this situation it seems that a native manager would be much more prepared and able in preventing cross-cultural conflicts such as this, the reason being that they are already engrained into the culture and possess a working knowledge of social and professional do’s and don’ts. One more example of how a cross-cultural difference can affect how an organization’s success internationally is the improper translation of language. In an example cited in the Touro University International’s College of Business Administration MGT 501 CD-ROM mistranslation is demonstrated. The Intercultural Communication page states that, â€Å"One American airline operating in Brazil advertised that it had plush â€Å"rendezvous lounges† on its jets, unaware that in Portuguese (the language of Brazil) â€Å"rendezvous† implies a special room for having sex.† (Intercultural Communication). It is Obvious to see the fundamental lapse in meaning, which could be interpreted quite inappropriately. Skills that a good manager could develop in an attempt to prevent these type of mistake is to develop good habits of researching another culture and its language translation as well as always possessing the awareness of the message being conveyed. Proficiency in another foreign language would be an important  critical skill a global manager could add to their improvement. Yet again this looks to be another cross-cultural situation in which the native manager is favored as a result of his already being fully aware of the cultures norms and language. The native manager would possess the knowledge to identify the misinterpretation before it was too late. Cross-cultural differences can affect doing business internationally in a number of ways. Through misunderstanding, misinterpretation and being unaware, cross-cultural differences can affect organizations business across borders by causing a deal not to be finished, accomplishing an agreement without establishing a long-term relationship and by causing an escalation in tension or confrontation while negotiating. It is evident that in today’s world, globalization demands cultural awareness and the ability to adapt in the international business world. This can be perfectly summed up in a saying used by Josephine Song in her article â€Å"Transcending Borders†. It says, â€Å"If you are going to do business with people who are in different parts of the world, you had better understand and speak their language†. A better understanding of these cultural differences can be reached with the aid of the Hofstede Model. The Hofstede Model helps to explain some of the discrepancies inherent when comparing respective culture values to one another. Four of these variables are masculinity/femininity, tolerance or avoidance of uncertainty, power distance and individualism versus collectivism (Louis). Masculinity and femininity deal with the values of achievement, material possessions or wealth and aggression as opposed to relationships, compassion and quality of life. Tolerance or avoidance of uncertainty is the extent to which people must have certainty in order to feel secure. The less tolerance a culture has for uncertainty the more likely they are to have and maintain a rigid structure of rules establishing a code of conduct. Power distance is the level of acceptance that a culture has for its social, economic and political separation and power distribution. Individualism versus collectivism is exactly what it sounds like, the extent to which a culture is concerned with individual achievements or collective success (Beebe, Beebe and Redmond 1996). Through the juxtaposition of these different degrees of values in international  business, inefficiency is created which must be bridged by cultural awareness and adaptation in order to achieve success. There are many specific skills that global managers could utilize in order to address these differences. Cultural awareness training could be the most relevant and most helpful aid to global managers in overcoming cultural divides through the development of pertinent skills. A program like this could help global managers train for specific scenarios and common pitfalls met in cross-cultural situations (Burnam 1998). Foreign language proficiency is definitely a skill that would greatly benefit global managers, allowing them to better communicate with their counterparts and help to avoid awkward misinterpretations or misunderstandings that could make or break a business relationship. A high tolerance for the unknown and curiosity to learn is detrimental to a global manager’s growth as a professional in the international business community as they will no doubt encounter many new customs and situations. This will enable a global manager to use patience to understand and adapt to his surroundings. This can be associated with the extremely important skills of being generally aware and having keen observation. A global manager could avoid awkward or potentially relationship ending situations solely by picking up on them beforehand. Perhaps the most important skills for a global manager to possess are the abilities to be both flexible and adaptive. As the global manager is continually introduced to new experiences they will be able to overcome cross-cultural differences in order to cement a new relationship or deal. Although in the three specific examples of cross-cultural differences cited above native managers were favored, it is probably more important than ever that organizations send expatriate managers out across borders to gain experience and knowledge. This is truly the most effective way to secure the globalization of an organization. Expatriated managers can return to train other members of the organization. This in turn will allow an organization to utilize loyal employees who most likely bear greater allegiance to them rather than a native homeland (Burnam 1998). The organization would also have a manager with a better knowledge and understanding of the organization embedded in the culture. An organization that could train the majority of  its managerial workforce to become more aware and sensitive toward other cultures would be heavily prepared for the continual evolvement of globalization as well increasing its effectiveness in the global market. Both native and expatriate managers are well equipped to handle an organization’s international business. Whether native or expatriate managers are more qualified or better equipped depends on the situation and an organization’s goal. By utilizing specific skills which pertain to enhancing cultural awareness and communication barriers, today’s global managers can better prepare themselves to meet the challenges of the many cross-cultural situations in our ever globalizing economy. References: 1. Beebe, S. A., Beebe, S. J., & Redmond, M. V. (1996). Interpersonal Communication: Relating to Others. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon. 345-365. 2. Burnam, E. â€Å"Managing Cultural Diversity in a Global World†. Workinfo.com, 1998. http://www.workinfo.com/free/downloads/299.htm3. Hayes, C. (1996) â€Å"The Intrigue of International Assignments†. Black Enterprise, (26)10, 98

Consumer Behavior Trends

Consumer Behavior Trends Free Online Research Papers Faith Popcorn identified 17 trends that drove the business and people’s life in her book â€Å"Clicking† ten years ago. According to BrainReserve, trends are not fads. They endure, evolve and represent underlying forces, first causes, basic human needs, attitudes and aspirations. They help us navigate the world, understand whats happening and why, and prepare for what is yet to come. This paper will investigate one of the trends Popcorn has identified – Fantasy Adventure – particularly focus on its development in the last ten years. I will examine related evidence observed in various industries and make the claim that this trend has not declined but further developed. Fantasy Adventure refers to the behavior that consumer crave excitement and stimulation as an escape from stress and boredom in essentially risk-free adventures.(Popcorn, 1998) The excitement are taken in small doses, and allow us to return to our â€Å"normal† life at the end of the day. They make us feel courageous, open to new exotic experience, and most important of all, they give us the sense of transforming to a better person. There are three underlying forces in creating this trend: the increasing stress brought to us by our routine yet increasingly competitive life, the rising number of cases of the unsafe, uncertain events happening around our environment and the advancement of technologies. In the 1990s only 40% percentage Canadians reported stress in workplace but the statistic had increased significantly recently.(JobStress, 1997) More than 6 in 10 Canadians reported in 2002 that they have experienced a â€Å"great deal of stresses at work because of the increasing difficulty to maintain work-life balance while managing the greater then ever demand at work. (StressMap, 2002) Popcorn (1998) pointed out in her book that we all want to retreat from the reality with Fantasy Adventures to relieve for a moment. The tight schedule most people have also means we are not allow to take off to a vacation or go away for a longer period of time to have a â€Å"real† adventure. With the increasing statisti cs of work-life stress, it is clear that demand for Fantasy Adventure has only increased during the recent period of time. Another component of Fantasy Adventure is the promises of safety. The environment is not safe as it was a decade ago, and consumers learn to choose a safer way of entertainment instead. Last but not least, with the improvement of technologies, people now can access more information about others’ lifestyles and can imagine larger possibilities. One thing worth mentioning is the evolvement of the trend Fantasy Adventure – the cos will be illustrated in the following sections. Roy William (2004) argued in his article that, the Fantasy Adventure trend had reached its end and sharply declined, as the people now ask for the truth. I agree that nowadays consumers may be more skeptical about the information and facts released by large firms, however the fact that people still in need of escape from reality does not change. There are more and more products available to fulfill this crave of fantasy especially in the media industry. A popular theme for television series is superpower for instance the â€Å"Heroes† and â€Å"Smallville†. Fantasy and horror movies are still a big hit and stay on top of the most popular movie categories. â€Å"Pirates of the Caribbean†, â€Å"Harry Potter† series and the â€Å"Lord of the Rings† Trilogy are just a few examples. These television series and movies grant consumers a room for imagination and indulge themselves in something not real, and of course, back to their normal life after these two or three hours. For television show, a common pattern could be observed: a group of ordinary people come out, compete with talents and there they are, the tomorrow super stars. Just to name a few: â€Å"So You Think You Can Dance†, â€Å"British Got Talent†, â€Å"Paris Hilton’s My New BFF†. Another powerful source of fantasy engagement is Manga, or comics. In Japan the best selling manga are always about adventures or super power. A perfect example is â€Å"One Piece† which is about a pirate with a rubber-like body (super-power) setting off to an adventure to look for the biggest treasure in the world, being the greatest pirate and have fun. These media are all common in the way they take the audience on the flight of imagination; allow them to have an imaginary adventure in their comfort zone. Food experience continues to be one of the greatest ways for many consumers to seek Fantasy Adventure. In Toronto’s restaurants, more exotic ingredients were brought to the once ordinary dishes, and there is increasing growing number of theme restaurant. In 2006, the first dark restaurant in Canada was opened in Montreal, where dinners undergo the entire dinning experience in total darkness. (Comm-odities, 2006) The theory is with one sense completely impaired, your other senses are fully heightened and the food will taste completely different. These restaurants provide extraordinary experiences to customers through different physical and emotional instruments thus offer a little adventure to the consumers. Among all products in the entertainment market, digital games may be the single platform that really fulfills the need of Fantasy Adventure. This includes video games, Role Playing games and Virtual network online. The Entertainment Software Association announced in 2007 that sales of computer games and video games have increased by 22.9 percent to $11.7 billion in the US. The average age of most frequent game player has shifted to 39 years old. (ESA, 2007) We can identify the trend that more people are willing to pay and indulge themselves in the form of video gaming. Video games has uncountable content, however may it be action, sports, role playing, shooting etc., the principle is the same: the player transform to a â€Å"Hero† and do the impossible. Figure 1. (a) Top Selling Game Genres in 2006 Figure 1. (b) Top Selling Game Genres in 2007 Figure 2. Frequency of playing games by frequent players In 2001, Microsoft released a sixth-generation video game console – the Xbox and entered the competition in the gaming console market. 24 million units were sold as of May 2006. In 2002, Halo 2, a shooting game, set the record of being the highest-gross release in entertainment history with over $125 million in the first day. Xbox was replaced by Xbox 360 in 2005 which made a even bigger success as over 30 million units was sold in mere 3.5 years. There were over 1000 games available in the end of 2008, labeling the success of Xbox 360. These numbers are only a part of the overall consumption of video game playing, which suggested that consumers continue to seek the imaginary adventures, buying into brand and products in order to escape reality. One unique feature of Xbox 360 is its online game feature on the platform Xbox Live. This feature enables the players to have interaction and communications when playing games with other players. This development makes the gaming expe rience more realistic then ever and thus more profoundly fulfill players’ dream of fantasy adventures. It also fits the theory of Baker that now consumers want a more active role in creating their Fantasy Adventures. Second Life, an innovative concept launched in 2003, is another example that illustrates how people escape the reality and embrace a second identity in the virtual world. Second Life is a virtual world that allows users to interact and socialize via the internet. There are no particular missions or goal to accomplish, and there is no winning and losing, unlike almost all the traditional online games. However the users cherish the complex capability of interaction in this virtual world, as well as the feature of customizing a personal avatar, and thus the ability to create a fantastic self via this creative toolset. In 2008, an average of 38,000 users was logged in at any moment, and the accumulate user hours reached 112 millions in the end of 2008. These soaring numbers show us exactly how a product that fits the consumer insight can quickly capture a large portion of the targeted market. Figure 3. Total signups of paid accounts for Second Life Figure 4. User Hours per Quarter for Second Life 2006-2008 The continuous trend of Fantasy Adventure could be utilized by marketers. For example the promotion video of the Red Light Social Center, an adult virtual community has the phrases like â€Å"enter a Realistic world†, â€Å"create a NEW you†, â€Å"it’s Safe†. Bingo! These are exactly what fantasy cravers look for. â€Å"The drift in advertising over recent decade has been toward limited factual information and more symbolic, emotional, humorous and fantasy-oriented meanings.†(Mick, 2008) Here I identify two approaches in advertising that are very common: the get-a-taste-of-something approach and transform-to-your-better-self approach. Recall the promotion campaign of Tropicana that â€Å"Offers a Taste of Tropic† and that of Kraft’s â€Å"a Little Taste of Heaven†. (Chiasson, 2009) They both suggest that with a little sip and dip you would feel like being in a fantasy or exotic place immediately, an escape from the reality. The second approach is even more observable, as majority of advertisements implies a transformation upon using the advertised product. There was a series of advertisements by SK-II with the slogan â€Å"Correct Your Age†, which they sold the idea that the anti-aging product helps you return to your younger self. Celebrity endorsement also falls under this approach because they suggest that using the product will let consumer be more like the popular icon. The above examples suggest that the consumer behavioral trend of craving excitement in small dose and in a safe manner has not declined. Moreover consumers now want a share in creating the fantasy by involving in the process. Video games and virtual network became one of the most significant platforms where consumers seek their fantasy escape. At the same time, marketers capture the psychology of consumer and make use of fantasy-oriented approaches in advertisement and promotion strategies. Fantasy appeal is most likely to continue to be one of the most influential approaches in the future marketing. Reference F. Popcorn L. Marigold. (1998). â€Å"Clicking: 17 Trends that Drive your Business – and your Life† P. K. Day. (2008). Faith Popcorn’s Prediction Five Years Later. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved from chicagotribune.com/topic/la-et-popcorn-predicts01-2008oct01,0,5034903.story?page=2 on 4th June 2009. F. Rauh. (2007). Living the Dream. SPC Business. Retrieved form cosmeticsbusiness.com/story.asp?storyCode=1218 on 4th June 2009/ Dining in the Dark, a Feast for the Senses. (2006). Comm-oddities. Retrieved from cbc.ca/consumer/comm-oddities/2006/09/dining_in_the_dark_a_feast_for.html on 4th June 2009. R. H. Williams. (2004). A Feel for Real. The Monday Morning Memo. Retrieved from mondaymorningmemo.com/?ShowMe=ThisMemoMemoID=1508 on 4th June 2009. D. Mick. (2008). Degree of Freedom of Will: An Essential Question in Consumer Behavior. Journal of Consumer Psychology 18 pg 17-21. A. Baker. (2008). Understanding the Role of Co-Creation in Fantasy and Fun. Advances in Consumer Research 35. Entertainment Software Association of Canada (2007). Essential Facts about the Canadian Computers and Video Game Industry. Retrieved from theesa.com/facts/index.asp theesa.ca/pdf/esa_e.pdf ACNielsen. (2005) â€Å"ACNielsen Reports Continued Rapid Growth For Video Gaming Industry.† acnielsen.ca/News/VideoGamingFirstQtr2004Results.htm. Retrieved on 30th May,2009. L.J. Paul. (2005).†Canadian Content in Video Games† Author and Digital Games Research Association. Linden Research Inc. (2008) 2008 Result Review. Retrieved from https://blogs.secondlife.com/community/features/blog/2009/01/15/second-life-residents-logged-nearly-400-million-hours-in-2008-growing-61-over-2007 on 8th June G. Chiasson (2009) Tropicana Campaign Offers a Taste of the Tropics. Retrieved from pubzone.com/newsroom/2009/1x090122x041107.cfm on 7th June 2009 Research Papers on Consumer Behavior TrendsThe Fifth HorsemanInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenThe Project Managment Office SystemThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseStandardized TestingPETSTEL analysis of IndiaMind TravelMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductAnalysis Of A Cosmetics Advertisement